Methods of generation of aza-ortho-xylylenes (ortho-quinone methylene imines or 1-methylene- 6-imine-2,4-cyclohexadienes) and their reactions are described.

A series of nine linear and nine cyclic analogues of cyclolinopeptide A (CLA), in which the Phe residues were substituted by the aromatic D-residues (D-Phe, D-Tyr, D-Trp) or by the L-Trp residue, was synthesized by SPPS method. The peptides were tested for their influence on humoral and cellular immune response in mice. Most of the analogues show some immunosuppressive activity similar to that of CLA. High biological activity was observed for the cyclic peptides modified in position 9, especially [D-Phe⁹]CLA. This corresponds well with the peptide CD spectrum, which shows that the backbone conformation of this analogue resembles most the conformation of CLA.

Improved procedures, including either specific reaction conditions or the use of protecting groups, were described for the vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in some unreactive or weakly reactive nitroazoles.

Results of pulse and gamma-radiolysis of CFCl₃ in methylcyclohexane and binary matrices methylcyclohexane/iso-pentane at 6-77 K are presented and discussed. The model of the radical cation scavenging at low temperature is proposed and discussed and the influence of the ionization energy of the matrix on the electron transfer reaction between radical cation and scavenger at low temperature is presented.

The new description of adsorbate-adsorbate association on energetically homogeneous adsorbents surface has been presented. The suitable relations have been formulated for a mobile adsorption of a single gas. Adsorption experimental data have been described theoretically by the equations derived. The calculation results proved a good applicability of the idea proposed.

The series of dealuminated H-Mordenites (Si/Al = 6.6-120) was studied. Dealumination created mesopores, the volume of which increased with the degree of dealumination. IR studies evidenced that in the non-dealuminated H-Mordenite, only HF hydroxyls in large channels (3610 cm^-1) were accessible to benzene, and could protonate pyridine. In dealuminated mordenites some LF hydroxyls in narrow channels (3585 cm^{- 1}) were accessible to benzene, their contribution increased with the degree of dealumination. Some other LF hydroxyls remained inaccessible to benzene, but all of them were able to protonate pyridine. Thus the protonation of pyridine by LF hydroxyls inaccessible to benzene most likely occurred by the migration of protons from narrow channels to pyridine molecules inside large channels. The experiments of coadsorption of pyridine and ammonia suggested that ammonium ions inside narrow channels were stabilized by interaction with the oxygens of the channel walls. Ammonium ions (dia. = 0.29 nm) fitted well the side pockets of the size (0.39-0.47 nm). Pyridine desorption suggested a higher acid strength of HF hydroxyls in large channels than of LF ones in narrow channels.

The concentration of OH groups was determined with two probe molecules: ammonia and pyridine. With all the mordenites, the concentration determined with ammonia was close to calculated values (amount of framework Al minus amount of Na). Quantitative IR studies of pyridine sorption evidenced that in a non-dealuminated mordenite about a half of all the hydroxyls was situated inside large (HF), and a half inside narrow channels (LF). With dealuminated mordenites, the concentration of hydroxyls determined with pyridine and ammonia was close to calculated values. The comparison of the values of OH extinction coefficients both determined with ammonia and pyridine suggested that the acid strength of OH groups increased with the degree of dealumination. The experiments of ammonia desorption evidenced that OH groups in H-Mordenites were heterogeneous. The dealumination removed the less acidic hydroxyls and hydroxyls became more acidic and more homogeneous. In mordenite of Si/Al = 120 the OH groups were practically homogeneous.

Optimized geometry of the p-benzoquinone molecule was found with Polak-Ribiere conjugate gradient self-consistent procedure using independently the STO-6G, 3-21G, 6-31G, 6-31G** and D95 bases. Harmonic vibrational analysis of the p-benzoquinone molecule is carried out. The mass-weight Cartesian displacements (q_k) were taken as the internal coordinates. Field force constants, F_kl, were calculated by the numeric differentation of the analytically calculated first derivatives, dU/dq_k. The {x_i⁰} set of the anharmonic initial coefficients in the Morse potential theory of i-th normal vibration were correlated with the 1- T_i^min experimental data in the IR absorption spectra, as well with 1/T_i ^min and ln(1/T_i^min). The linear regression analysis of (nu_i - nu_i^expl) = [1 - 2a(1/T_i^min] + b equation estimated a, b and q constants for every basis, yielding significant agreement between calculated anharmonic (nu_i^anh) and experimental frequencies (nu_i^expl).

The kinetics of oxidation of L-Alanine by permanganate in aqueous alkaline medium at constant ionic strength of 1.0 mol dm^-3 has been studied spectrophotometrically. The reaction is of first order in [permanganate ion] and of fractional order in both [L-Alanine] and [alkali]. Addition of products have no significant effect on the reaction rate. Increase in ionic strength and dielectric constant of the medium increases the rate. The oxidation process in alkaline medium has been shown to proceed via two paths: one involving the interaction of L-Alanine with permanganate ion in a slow step to yield products. The other path involves the interaction of alkali with permanganate ion to give manganate. The rate constants are in excellent agreement with observed rate constants. The activation parameters have been computed with respect to the slow step.

The influence of low molecular compounds as naphthalene, ß-carotene and methylene blue on the photooxidative degradation of poly(methyl methacrylate) has been investigated. The viscosimetry measurements, gel permeation chromatography, thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy has been used in these studies. The results indicate that the additives accelerate and increase the efficiency of the photodestruction and the photooxidation procceses in PMMA. Moreover, a lower thermal stability of photodegradated PMMA in the presence of additives has been observed.

The influence of air on the surface area of thin gold films deposited onto Pyrex glass under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions and on Pyrex glass has been investigated. The samples' surface area was determined in situ by the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) adsorption isotherm method and ex situ by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in air. The surface area of clean, annealed, continuous and non-continuous gold film, measured in situ under UHV conditions by the BET adsorption method, is several times greater than its geometric area, whereas calculated from their air AFM images is equal to their geometric area. The surface area of clean, annealed gold film, prepared under UHV conditions but then exposed to air and again determined by the BET isotherm method is several times smaller than that not exposed to air. The Pyrex glass surface area, calculated from its air AFM image and measured by the BET isotherm method is equal to its geometric area.